Epoque de mille et une fascinations! C'est par le biais inusité de la fascination que cet essai envisage les rapports contemporains entre la vie et la mort. Traversant nos paysages quotidiens, l'idée que nous nous faisons de la mort imprègne nos manières de vivre et notre rapport au temps. La fascination y participerait, tant dans nos attitudes que dans nos liens, comme manière de ressentir le présent, d'habiter l'espace du corps et des identités, d'investir la mémoire et la culture, bref, (...) comme un désir de suspendre le temps, d'accomplir secrètement notre fantasme d'éternité. Dès lors,. qu'il s'agisse de quête hédoniste insatiable, de curiosité illimitée pour le spectaculaire, d'émois partagés face aux jeux extrêmes, voire face à l'horreur que suscitent les catastrophes collectives, pourquoi cherchons-nous tant, aimons-nous à ce point être fascinés, et quel en est le prix? Cette étude socioanthropologique s'adresse à celles et ceux qui, résistant aux poncifs de l'air du temps, veulent dépasser les injonctions et les déplorations obligées entourant le fait de notre finitude. En reliant le thème de la fascination à celui de nos rapports à la vie et à la mort, l'auteure nous amène à débusquer la portée délétère des formes subtiles de déni et à reconsidérer ce qui contribue aussi à faire de nous des humains un peu plus lucides sur leur sort et celui d'une planète. (shrink)

French Feminism Reader is a collection of essays representing the authors and issues from French theory most influential in the American context. The book is designed for use in courses, and it includes illuminating introductions to the work of each author. These introductions include biographical information, influences and intellectual context, major themes in the author's work as a whole, and specific introductions to the selections in this volume. This collection includes selections by Simone de Beauvoir, Christine Delphy, Colette Guilluamin, Monique (...) Wittig, Michele Le Doeuff, Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray, and Helene Cixious. (shrink)

French theorist Luce Irigaray has become one of the twentieth century's most influential feminist thinkers. Among her many writings are three books (with a projected fourth) in which she challenges the Western tradition's construals of human beings' relations to the four elements--earth, air, fire, and water--and to nature. In answer to Heidegger's undoing of Western metaphysics as a "forgetting of Being," Irigaray seeks in this work to begin to think out the Being of sexedness and the sexedness of Being. (...) This volume is the first English translation of L'oubli de l'air chez Martin Heidegger (1983). In this complex, lyrical, meditative engagement with the later work of the eminent German philosopher, Irigaray critiques Heidegger's emphasis on the element of earth as the ground of life and speech and his "oblivion" or forgetting of air. With the other volumes (Elemental Passions and Marine Lover of Friedrich Nietzsche) in Irigaray's "elemental" series, The Forgetting of Air offers a fundamental rereading of basic tenets in Western metaphysics. And with its emphasis on dwelling and human habitation, it will be important reading not only in the humanities but also in architecture and the environmental sciences. (shrink)

In the tradition of Simone de Beauvoir and Julia Kristeva, Luce Irigaray is one of France's most versatile feminist critics. _Sexes and Genealogies, _a collection of lectures delivered throughout Canada and Europe, introduces her writing to a wider American audience. Irigaray's most famous work, _Speculum of the Other Woman, _prompted her expulsion from the Lacanin Ecole Freudienne because of its searing depiction of Platonic and Freudian representations of women. Now _Sexes and Genealogies _analyzes sexual difference according to what she (...) terms the double dimension of gender and ideology. Irigaray covers major issues in religion, the law, psychoanalysis, and literature, such as: the continued neglect by psychoanalysts of the sexual and gender dimensions of therapy, the urgency of female divinity for contemporary feminist movements, and a reconsideration of women's relation to the market economy. _Sexes and Genealogies _also includes Irigaray's dazzling reading of the _Oresteia, "Body Against Body: In Relation to the Mother," _now acknowleged as a feminist classic. (shrink)

The premise of this paper is that the language of science, like language in general, is neither asexual nor neutral. The essay demonstrates the various ways in which the non-neutrality of the subject of science is expressed and proposes that there is a need to analyze the laws that determine the acceptability of language and discourse in order to interpret their connection to a sexed logic. C.B.

In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:The Most Crucial Gesture for a Living BeingLuce Irigaray (bio)When I wrote L'oubli de l'air, my first book on Heidegger, published in 1983–translated as The Forgetting of Air in 1999–the problem of breathing was almost ignored, strange, even inappropriate. As it was for the figure of Antigone, which is connected to it, in Speculum in 1974, to speak of air seemed to be irrelevant, not to say suspicious. In (...) our Western tradition, life as such was not a subject that could be culturally approached. It was too trivial and not worthy of Culture. We are just beginning to understand where that has led us. Indeed, breathing is the most crucial key component of our relation to ourselves, to the other(s) and to the world. And it is a pity that we only discover that because our breathing is now more than ever put in danger.Breathing in relating to ourselvesComing into the world requires us to breathe by ourselves. We were conceived by two different beings and, in the womb of our mother, we received oxygen through her blood. Being born means assuming the fact that we are each only one(s), alone, and we must take charge of our own being to live. This, at first, happens naturally. Our body breathes to survive. But no one and nothing, at least in the West, teaches us how to develop this breathing–except, sometimes, by singing… And yet, our breath is that which allows us to reach our full humanity.Breathing is necessary not only to survive but also to transform a mere natural existence into a human and spiritual existence that remains fleshly. In our tradition, the spiritual, and more generally the cultural, is considered to be something abstract, which is imposed on us to master and dominate our natural belonging. Such a way of conceiving of our becoming human splits us into two irreconcilable parts, of which one rests uncultivated in the family home, or at least at the level of the so-called private life, and the other is dependent on authorities who are presumed to know the path we must follow to become cultured and spiritual. Thus, the development of our existence evades our responsibility and our [End Page 207] shaping. We are torn between a subjection to nature and a subjection to culture, without reaching our unity and the possibility of a real being in charge of our existence and of a becoming of our own. Besides, the latter is paralyzed by the split between our body and our mind, each needing the other to evolve as a human being.It could be otherwise, if our upbringing and our school and academic education would include how to cultivate our breathing. As is the case in the beginning of our life, breathing by ourselves is the condition of our autonomous and personal development. A living being must grow to remain alive and it must grow in faithfulness to its own origin. In fact, few people continue growing beyond a natural development. This means that they then begin to die and never become really human–which requires a becoming other than merely natural. They are sort of automata, resulting from a certain time and place determined by history and the environment. They do not live and behave according to a dynamism and an identity of their own. They are products of a socio-cultural milieu, pieces of a constructed world, without bringing to the world the unique and irreducible presence of a living being.To be capable of a true faithfulness to ourselves, we must cultivate our breathing, which permits us to continuously pass from our bodily belonging to a personal, cultured belonging by transforming the properties of our own breath. Indeed, this can evolve from a more material and undifferentiated to a more subtle, individual and spiritual nature and consistency. It is so much so that our Judeo-Christian tradition asserts that we were born of the breath of God. After doing yoga for more than forty years, I would like to suggest that we can be born again by making our breathing spiritual. What is more, we then... (shrink)

A RELATIVIZAÇÃO DA IMPENHORABILIDADE NOS PROCESSOS DE EXECUÇÃO: A IMPRESCINDIBILIDADE DA HERMENÊUTICA CONSTITUCIONAL NA ANÁLISE DO CASO CONCRETO.

Le développement de la recherche et de l'expérimentation médicales à imposé l'idée d'un contrôle éthique de ces activités, confié aux soins de comités indépendants.De professions et d'origines diverses (médecin, infirmier, juriste, philosophe), les auteurs proposent ici leur réflexion et leurs témoignages sur ces comités : leur rôle, leurs règles de fonctionnement et leur composition.

Nos perspectives, au seuil du vingt et unième siècle, apparaissent plus critiques et déconstructives que constructives. En exil dans le monde qu'ils se sont fabriqué, les hommes se méfient désormais des propositions positives relatives à un devenir futur, les qualifiant a priori d'utopiques. Mais qui sait si le chemin parcouru jusqu'à présent n'était pas de quelque façon erroné? Si nous n'avons pas négligé des enseignements utiles pour penser notre identité en plus grande harmonie avec l'univers, et de manière moins scindée (...) entre corps et esprit ou âme. La connaissance des traditions orientales - par la lecture des textes et une pratique appropriée - nous introduit à une façon nouvelle d'être avec soi et avec les autres, une façon nouvelle de vivre l'amour et la sexualité. Sera-t-il concevable alors de créer des ponts entre les traditions aborigènes féminines du monde asiatique et nos sociétés patriarcales? Y découvrirons-nous des solutions non régressives pour refonder la famille et réarticuler ses rapports avec l'Etat? Et n'est-ce pas la communauté tout entière qui pourrait ainsi se restructurer à partir de liens entre les citoyens, en une approche respectueuse des différences? (shrink)

Simone Weil a-t-elle ete une intellectuelle uniquement preoccupee de nourrir les multiples facettes de son intelligence? S'il en etait ainsi, elle aurait evite de payer de sa personne. Pour elle, pas de theorie sans pratique. C'est par sa recherche inlassable dans tous les domaines et ses remises en question continuelles qu'elle reste -question vivante et exigence nouvelle-. Sa seduction s'exerce de bien des manieres. Les uns sont attires par l'etrangete de sa vie, les autres par son intelligence, d'autres encore par (...) son courage. Dans cet ouvrage, l'auteur expose les idees de Simone Weil en matiere sociale, politique et religieuse et esquisse une theorie visant une nouvelle forme de civilisation, basee sur plus d'attention et de conscience.". (shrink)